Books and Articles
Assessment in Higher Education
Assessment in Student Affairs
Astin, A. W. (1991). Assessment for Excellence. New York: Collier Macmillian.
Astin, A. W. (1993). Assessment for Excellence: The philosophy and practice of assessment and evaluation in higher education. Phoenix, AZ: Oryx Press.
Banta, T. W., & Associates (2002). Building a scholarship of assessment. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Banta, T. W. (Ed). (1988). Implementing outcomes assessments: Promises and perils. New Directions for Institutional Research No. 59. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
Banta, T. W. (1992). Making a difference: Outcomes of a decade of assessment in higher education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Banta, T.W., & Borden, T. (1994). Using performance indicators to guide strategic decision making. New Directions in Higher Education No. 82. Jossey-Bass.
Banta, T. W., & Kuh, G. D., (1998). A missing link in assessment: Collaboration between academic and student affairs professionals. Change, March/April, 40-46.
Banta,T. W., Lund, J. P. , Black, K. E., & Oblander, F. W. (1988). Implementing Outcomes Assessment: Promise and Perils. New Directions for Institutional Research #59. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Bauer, K. W., & Hanson, G. R. (2001, December 12). Assessment tips for student affairs professionals. NASPA NetResults. Retrieved from http://www.naspa.org/membership/mem/nr/article.cfm?id=544
Beeler, K. J., & Hunter, D. E. (Eds.) (1991). Puzzles and pieces in wonderland: The promise and practice of student affairs research, Washington, D.C.: National Association of Student Personnel Administrators.
Bresciani, M. J. (2001, October 16). Writing measurable and meaningful outcomes. NASPA Net Results. Retrieved from http://www.naspa.org/membership/mem/nr/article.cfm?id=475
Bresciani, M. J., Moore Gardner, M., & Hickmott, J. (2009). Demonstrating student success: A practical guide to outcomes-based assessment of learning and development in student affairs. Sterling, VA: Stylus.
Bresciani, M. J., Zelna, C. L., & Anderson, J. A. (2004). Assessing student learning and development: A handbook for practitioners. Washington, D.C.: National Association of Student Personnel Administrators.
Collins, K. M., & Roberts, D. M. (Eds.). (2012). Learning is not a sprint: Assessing and documenting student leader learning in cocurricular involvement. Washington, DC: NASPA.
Ellingson, K. (2002, November 11). Developing an assessment program in student affairs. NASPA NetResults. Retrieved from http://www.naspa.org/membership/mem/nr/article.cfm?id=828
Engelkemeyer, S. W. (1998). Institutional performance measures. AAHE Bulletin, 51, 3-6.
Erwin, T. D. (1991). Assessing student learning and development. San Francisco: Jassey Bass, Inc.
Fried, J., & Associates (2012). Transformative learning through engagement: Student affairs practice as experiential pedagogy. Sterling, VA: Stylus.
Hanson, G. R. (Ed.). (2003). Let’s do assessment [CD-ROM]. Washington, D.C.: National Association of Student Personnel Administrators.
Hanson, G. R. (Ed.). (2003). Let’s talk assessment [CD-ROM]. Washington, D.C.: National Association of Student Personnel Administrators.
Hanson, G. R. (Ed.). (2003). Let’s use assessment [CD-ROM]. Washington, D.C.: National Association of Student Personnel Administrators.
Jacoby, M. (1991). Focus group research: A tool for the student affairs professional. NASPA Journal, 28, 195-201.
Johnson, D. H., & Steeled, B. H. (1984). A national survey of research activity and attitudes in student affairs divisions. Journal of College Student Personnel, 200-205.
Keeling, R. P. (2004). Learning reconsidered. Washington, D.C.: National Association of Student Personnel Administrators.
Keeling, R. P. (2006). Learning reconsidered 2. Washington, D.C.: National Association of Student Personnel Administrators.
Keeling, , R. P., Wall, A. F., Underhile, R., & Dungy, G. J. (2008). Assessment reconsidered: Institutional effectiveness for student success. Washington, D.C.: National Association of Student Personnel Adminstrators.
Malaney, G. D. (1993). A comprehensive student affairs research office. NASPA Journal, 30, 182-189.
Malaney, G. D. (Ed.) (1999). Student affairs research, evaluation, and assessment: Structure and practice in an era of change. New Directions for Student Services, No. 85. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Malaney, G. D., & Weitzer, W. H. (1993). Research on students: A framework of methods based on cost and expertise. NASPA Journal, 30, 126-137.
Marchese, T. (1995). Understanding benchmarking. AAHE Bulletin: 47(8): 3-5.
Miller, T.K.(2002). Using professional standards for program assessment and development. NASPA Net Results. Retrieved from http://www.naspa.org/membership/mem/nr/article.cfm?id=624
Moxley, L. S. (1999). Student affairs research and evaluation: An inside view. New Directions for Student Services, 85, pp. 11-22.
Nichols, J. O., & Nichols, K. W. (2005). A roadmap for improvement of student learning and support services through assessment. New York: Agathon.
Palomba, C.A., & Banta, T.W. (1999). Assessment essentials: Planning, implementing, and improving assessment in higher education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Pet-Armacost, J., & Armacost, R. L. (2002, April 3). Creating an effective assessment organization and environment. NASPA Net Results. Retrieved from http://www.naspa.org/membership/mem/nr/article.cfm?id=622
Posner, K. (2003, August 19). Assessment: Why bother? NASPA NetResults. Retrieved from http://www.naspa.org/membership/mem/nr/article.cfm?id=994
Schuh, J. H. (2001). Assessment in student affairs: Let’s get started! NASPA Net Results. Retrieved from http://www.naspa.org/membership/mem/nr/article.cfm?id=535
Schuh, J. H., & Upcraft, M. L. (2000). Assessment practice in student affairs: An applications manual. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Smith, K. M. & Mather, P. C. (2000). Best practices in student affairs research. In Pickering, J. W. & Hanson, G. R. (Eds.), Collaboration between student affairs and institutional researchers to improve institutional effectiveness: New Directions for Institutional Research (pp. 63-78). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Sudman, S., & Bradburn, N. M. (1982). Asking questions: A practical guide to questionnaire design. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Terenzini, P. T. (1989). Assessment with open eyes: Pitfalls in studying student outcomes. Journal of Higher Education, 60, 644-664.
Upcraft, M.L. & Schuh, J.H. (2002). Assessment vs. research: Why we should care about the difference. About Campus, 7(1), 16-20.
Upcraft, M. L. & Schuh, J. H. (1996). Assessment in student affairs: A guide for practitioners. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
Walker, D. A. (2004). The importance of drawing meaningful conclusions from data: A review of the literature with meta-analytic inquiry, NASPA Journal, 41, 452-469.
Winston, R. B., & Miller, T. K. (1994). A model for assessing developmental outcomes related to student affair programs and services. NASPA Journal, 32, 2-19.
Winston, R. B., & Moore, W. S. (1991). Standards and outcomes assessment: Strategies and tools. New Directions for Student Services, 53, 63-82.
Winston, R. B., Jr., & Theodore K. M. (1994). A model for assessing developmental outcomes related to student affairs programs and services. NASPA Journal, 32, 2-18.
Woodard, D. B., Hyman, R., Destinon, M., & Jamison, A. (1991). Student affairs outcomes assessment: A national survey. NASPA Journal, 29, 17-23.
Assessment in Higher Education
Astin, A. (1991). Assessment for excellence: The philosophy and practice of assessment and evaluation in higher education. New York: Macmillan.
Astin, A. W., Banta, T. W., Cross, K. P., El-Khawas, E., Ewell, P. T., Hutching, P., et al. (1992). Nine principles of good practice for assessing student learning. American Association of Higher Education Assessment Forum. Retrieved from http://www.fctel.uncc.edu/pedagogy/assessment/9Principles.html
Banta, T. W. (1992). Making a difference: Outcomes of a decade of assessment in higher education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Banta, T. W. & Associates (2002). Building a scholarship of assessment. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Banta, T. W., Lund, J. P., Black, K. E., & Oblander, F. W. (1995). Assessment in practice: Putting principles to work on college campuses. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Courts, P. L., & Kathleen H. M. (1993). Assessment in higher education: Politics, pedagogy, and portfolios. Westport, CT: Praeger.
Cutright, M. (Ed.). (2003). Annotated bibliography on assessment of the first college year. Brevard, NC: Policy Center on the First Year of College.
Guba, E. G. & Lincoln, Y. S. (1989). Fourth generation evaluation. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Hanson, G. R. (1988). Critical issues in the assessment of value added in education. New Directions for Institutional Research, 59, 53-67.
Heywood. J. (2000). Assessment in Higher Education: Student learning, teaching, programmes and institutions. Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Huba, M. E., & Freed, J. E. (2000). Learner-centered assessment on college campuses: Shifting the focus from teaching to learning. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Merriam, S.B. (1998). Qualitative research and case study applications in education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
O'Day, J. A., & Smith, M. (1993). Systemic school reform and educational opportunity. In S. Fuhrman (Ed.), Designing coherent educational policy: Improving the system (pp. 250-311). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Palomba, C. A., & Banta, T. W. (1999). Assessment essentials: Planning, implementing, and improving assessment in higher education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Siegel, M. J. (2003). Primer on assessment of the first college year. Brevard, NC: Policy Center on the First Year of College.
Suskie, L. (2009). Assessing student learning: A common sense guide (2nd ed.). Bolton, MA: Anker Publishing.
Swing, R. L. (Ed.). (2001). Proving and improving: Strategies for assessing the first college year (Monograph No. 33). Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina, National Resource Center for The First-Year Experience and Students in Transition.
General Assessment
Arminio, J. (2002, May 16). Considerations in conducting “good” qualitative assessment. NASPA NetResults. Retrieved from http://www.naspa.org/membership/mem/nr/article.cfm?id=662
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2000). Handbook of qualitative assessment. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Ewell, P. T. (1988). Implementing assessment: Some organizational issues. New Directions for Institutional Research, 59, 15-28.
Henry, G. T. (1990). Practical sampling. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Herman, J. L ., Aschbacher, P. R., & Winters, L. (1992). A practical guide to alternative assessment. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Isaac, S., & Michael, W.B. (1981). Handbook in research and evaluation, second edition. EdITS Publishers, San Diego, CA.
Lewis, D. R. (1988). Cost and benefits of assessment: A paradigm. New Directions for Institutional Research, 59, 69-80.
Rossi, P. H., Lipsey, M. L., & Freeman, H. E. (2003). Evaluation: A systematic approach (7th ed.). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Shepard, L.A. (1989, April). Why we need better assessments. Educational Leadership, 46(7), 4-9.
Stark, J. S., & Thomas, A. (1994). Assessment and program evaluation. Needham Heights, ME: Simon & Schuster.
Suzuki, L. A., Ponterotto, J. G., & Meller, P. J. (Eds.). (2001). The handbook of multicultural assessment: Clinical, psychological, and educational applications. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Benchmarking
Ardaiolo, F. (1996). Benchmarking…performance indicators and critical success factors. NASPA Region II Newsletter, 16(2), 9-11.
Ardiaolo, F. (1996). Benchmarking—points on a new landscape. NASPA Forum, 16(8), 1-4.
Alstete, J. W. (1995). Benchmarking in higher education: Adapting best practices to improve quality. ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Report No.5. Washington, D.C.: The George Washington University Graduate School of Education and Human Development.
Balm, G. J. (1992). Benchmarking: A practitioner’s guide for becoming and staying best of the best. Schaumburg, IL: Quality and Productivity Management Association.
Bender, B. E. & Schuh, J. H. (Eds.). (2002). Using benchmarking to inform practice in higher education. New Directions for Higher Education, no. 118. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Bogan, C. E., & English, M. J. (1994). Benchmarking for best practices: Winning through innovative adaptation. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Laufgraben, J. L. (2004, January-February). How benchmarking a can help us improve what we do. About Campus, 4-11.
Smith, H., Armstrong, M., & Brown, S. (1999). Benchmarking and threshold standards in higher education. London: Kogan Page Limited.
Spendolini, M. J. (1992). The benchmarking book. New York: AMACOM.
Focus Groups
Debus, M. (1990). Handbook for excellence in focus group research. Washington, D.C.: Academy for Educational Development.
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (Eds.). (1994). Handbook of qualitative research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Flores J. G. and Alonso C. G.. (1995). Using focus groups in educational research. Evaluation Review 19 (1): 84-101.
Erlandson, D. A., Harris, E. L., Skipper, B. L., & Allen, S. D. (1993). Doing naturalistic inquiry: A guide to methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Greenbaum, T. L. (1993). The handbook for focus group research. New York: Lexington.
Krueger, R. A., & Casey, M. A. (2000). Focus groups: A practical guide for applied research (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Merriam, S. B. (1998). Qualitative research and case study applications in education. San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Morgan, D. L. (Ed.) (1993). Successful focus groups. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Morgan, D. L. (1988). Focus Groups as Qualitative Research. Newbury Park: Sage.
Morgan, D. L., & Kreuger, R. A. (1998). The focus group kit. Thousands Oaks, CA: Sage.
Morgan, J. F., & Armstrong, S. (1998). Using focus groups to capture the student voice. Presentation at the meeting of AAHE Assessment Conference, Cincinnati, OH.
Stewart D. W. and Shamdasani P. N. (1992) Focus groups: Theory and practice. London: Sage.
Woosley, S., Knerr, A., & Arey, G. (2003, September 24). Fundamentals of useful focus groups. NASPA NetResults. Retrieved from http://www.naspa.org/membership/mem/nr/article.cfm?id=1181
Learning Outcomes
American Association for Higher Education. (1991). Principles of good practice for assessing student learning. Sterling, VA: Stylus.
Bresciani, M. (2002, December 9). Outcomes assessment in student affairs: Moving beyond satisfaction to student learning and development. NASPA NetResults. Retrieved from http://www.naspa.org/membership/mem/nr/article.cfm?id=884
Bresciani, M., & Allen, J. (2004, September 28). If you build it…: Assessment of student learning vs. performance indicators. NASPA NetResults. Retrieved from http://www.naspa.org/membership/mem/nr/article.cfm?id=1459
Cave, M., Hanney, S., Kogan, M. & Trevett, G. (1988). The use of performance indicators in higher education: A critical analysis of developing practice. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Huba, M. E., & Freed, J. E. (1999). Learner-centered assessment on college campuses: Shifting the focus from teaching to learning. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Kick, M. K. (1985). Increasing the use of student outcomes information. New Directions for Institutional Research, 47, 93-109.
Linn, R. L., Baker, E. L., & Dunbar, S. B. (1991). Complex, performance-based assessment: Expectations and validation criteria. Educational Researcher, 20(8), 15-21.
Maki, P. (2004). Assessing for learning: Building a sustainable commitment across the institution. Sterling, VA: Stylus.
Maki, P. (2002, January 15). Using multiple methods to explore student learning and development inside and outside of the classroom. NASPA NetResults. Retrieved from http://www.naspa.org/membership/mem/nr/article.cfm?id=558
Sanderson, R. (2004, September 28). Where do we start with learning outcomes? NASPA NetResults. Retrieved from http://www.naspa.org/membership/mem/nr/article.cfm?id=1463
Suskie, L. (2005). Assessing student learning: A common sense guide. Bolton, MA: Anker Publishing.
Needs Assessment
Gupta, K. (1999). A practical guide to needs assessment. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Pfeiffer.
Johnson, D. E., Meiller, L. R., Miller, L. C., & Summers, G. F. (1987). Needs assessment: Theory and methods. Ames: University of Iowa Press.
Kaufman, R., Rojas, A. M., & Mayer, H. (1993). Needs assessment: A user's guide. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology.
Knoll, D., & Erwin, L. (2001, October 2). Student needs assessment. NASPA NetResults. Retrieved from http://www.naspa.org/membership/mem/nr/article.cfm?id=465
McKillip, J. (1987). Needs analysis: Tools for the human services and education. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Phillips, J., & Holton, E. F., III (Eds.). (1995). In action: Conducting needs assessment. Alexandria, VA: American Society for Training and Development
Rossett, A. (1987). Training needs assessment. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications.
Witkin, B. R. (1994). Needs assessment since 1981: The state of the practice. Evaluation Practice, 15(1),17-27.
Witkin, B. R., & Altschuld, J. W. (1995). Planning and conducting needs assessments: A practical guide. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Qualitative Assessment
Anfara, V. A., & Mertz, N. T. (2006). Theoretical frameworks in qualitative research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Arminio, J. L., & Hultgren, F. H. (2002). Breaking out from the shadow: The questions of criteria in qualitative research. Journal of College Student Development, 43(4), 446-460.
Briodo, E. M., Manning, K. (2002). Philosophical foundations and current theoretical perspectives in qualitative research. Journal of College Student Development, 43(4), 434-445.
Denzin, N. K. & Lincoln, Y. S. (Eds.). (1994). Handbook of qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y.S. (Eds.). (2005). Handbook of qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Erlandson, D. A., Harris, E. L., Skipper, B. L. & Allen, S. D. (1993). Doing naturalistic inquiry: A guide to methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Jones, S. R. (2002). (Re)Writing the word: Methodological strategies and issues in qualitative research. Journal of College Student Development, 43(4), 461-473.
Lichtman, M. (2006). Qualitative research in education: A user’s guide. Newbury Park, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E.G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Newbury Park, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Magolda, P., & Weems, L. (2002). Doing harm: An intended consequence of qualitative inquiry? Journal of College Student Development, 43(4), 490-507.
Marshall, C., & Rossman, G. B. (2006). Designing qualitative research (4th ed.). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Merriam, S. B. (1998). Qualitative research and case study applications in education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Taylor, S. J., & Bogdan, R. (1998). Introduction to qualitative research methods (3rd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Torres, V., & Baxter Magolda, M. B. (2002). The evolving role of the researcher in constructivist longitudinal studies. Journal of College Student Development, 43(4), 474-489.
Surveys
Belson, W. (1981) The Design and Understanding of Survey Questions. London: Gower.
Biemer, P. et al. (Eds.) (1991). Measurement Errors in Surveys. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Chambers, R. L., & Skinner, C. J. (2003). Analysis of survey data. San Francisco: Jossey-bass.
Converse, J., & Presser, S. (1986). Survey Questions: Handcrafting the Standardized Questionnaire. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage Publications.
Czaja, R., & Blair, J. (2004). Designing surveys: A guide to decisions and procedures. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
DeVellis, R. F. (2003). Scale Development: Theory and Applications. (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Dillman, D. (2000). Mail and internet survey. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., & Christian, L. M. (2009). Internet, mail, and mixed mode surveys: The tailored design method (3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
Fink, A. (2005). How to conduct surveys: A step-by-step guide (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Fink, A. (2002). How to sample in surveys (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Fowler, F. J. (1995). Improving Survey Questions: Design and Evaluation. Applied Social Research Methods Series Volume 38. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Fowler, F. J. (1988). Survey research methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Groves, R. M. (1989). Survey Errors and Survey Costs. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Groves, R. M., Biemer, P. P., Lyberg, L. E., Massey, J. T., Nicholls, W. L., & Waksberg, J. (Eds.). (2001). Telephone survey methodology. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Harkness, J. A., Van de Vijver, F. J. R., & Mohler, P. P. (2002). Cross-cultural survey methods. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Porter, S. R. (Ed.). (2004). Overcoming survey research problems. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Presser, S., Rothgeb, J. M., Couper, M. P., Lessler, J. T., Martin, E. Martin, J., & Singer, E. (2004). Methods for Testing and Evaluating Survey Questionnaires. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, Inc..
Rea, L. M., & Parker, R. A. (2005). Designing and conducting survey research: A comprehensive guide (3rd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Raphael, A., & Lloyd, J. M. (2004, November 16). The use of self report in assessment: What is the literature saying? NASPA NetResults. Retrieved from http://www.naspa.org/membership/mem/nr/article.cfm?id=1475
Rossi, P. H., Wright, J. D., & Anderson, A. B. (1983). Handbook of survey research. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
Salant, P., & Dillman, D. (1994). How to conduct your own survey. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Spurlin, J. E. (2001, October 30). How to interpret survey results. NASPA Net Results. Retrieved from http://www.naspa.org/membership/mem/nr/article.cfm?id=492
Suskie, L. A. (1996). Questionnaire survey research: What works (2nd ed.). Tallahassee, FL: Association for Institutional Research.
Thomas, S. J. (2004). Using web and paper questionnaires for data-based decision making. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Tourangeau, R., Rips, L. J., & Rasinski, K. (2000). The Psychology of Survey Response. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Umbach, P. D. (Ed.). (2005). Survey reserach: Emerging issues. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
